GENOCIDE        WATCH

In March 2015, Saudi Arabia formed a coalition with other Sunni-majority Arab states to support Yemeni President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi’s military campaign to retake control of northern Yemen from the Shi’a Houthis. Over a third of Saudi airstrikes have targeted civilian areas and killed over 12,000 civilians. Saudi naval blockades have also cut off food supplies. Bombing civilians and blockades of food aid are war crimes. Within Saudi Arabia, Shi’a Muslims and other religious minorities face employment discrimination and lack full freedom of religion. Security forces in Saudi Arabia regularly torture or kill critics of Mohammed Bin Salam, such as in the case of Jamal Khashoggi. Saudi Arabia also enforces the death penalty by stoning for certain cases of homosexuality.